Accordingly, the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment (MARD) has just promulgated Circular No. 40/2025/TT-BNNMT, which provides specific regulations on the classification of reserves and solid mineral resources. The classification is carried out on the basis of combining three criteria: the level of economic efficiency, the degree of technical and technological feasibility, and the level of geological reliability.

The level of economic efficiency is divided into three categories: economically viable, potentially economically viable, and economically uncertain.

The degree of technical and technological feasibility is divided into three levels: feasibility study, pre-feasibility study, and general assessment.

The level of geological reliability consists of four categories: proven, reliable, estimated, and prognostic. The prognostic category is further divided into two subcategories: speculative and inferred.

The names of reserve classes and solid mineral resource classes are determined by alphanumeric symbols assigned sequentially to each level (the level of economic efficiency, the degree of technical and technological feasibility, and the level of geological reliability).

In addition, the Circular clearly stipulates the requirements for calculating reserves and solid mineral resources. Reserves and solid mineral resources are calculated separately for each type of mineral, based on the occurrence of the mineral in the subsoil, without taking into account losses during mining or processing. For complex mineral deposits, reserves and mineral resources are calculated to include both the primary minerals and the associated minerals. Reserves and solid mineral resources are calculated in units of mass or volume, depending on the intended use.

The quality of solid minerals is determined in their natural state in the subsoil, without taking into account dilution caused by the mining process; it is assessed according to the intended use and processing technology, with consideration given to the potential for maximum recovery and utilization of the associated valuable components.

The Circular also stipulates the methods and scope of exploration activities for each type of mineral (surveying, exploration works, sampling, mine gas studies, assessment of pollution levels, and evaluation of environmental impacts).

In addition, the Circular sets out detailed regulations on the methods and scope of exploration for specific types of minerals such as primary gold, bauxite, coal, carbonate rock, construction sand and gravel, and dimension stone for cladding; the methods and scope of exploration for assessing the reserves of natural thermal water and natural mineral water; as well as the prescribed templates and contents of mineral exploration projects, supplementary exploration projects, and mineral exploration result reports.

Previously, the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment also promulgated regulations on the preparation, appraisal, and approval of schemes, projects, tasks, and reports on the results of basic geological surveys, geological surveys of minerals, and the publication of basic geological survey results.

The content of publishing the results of basic geological surveys includes: the scope of the implemented scheme; the level of completion compared to the objectives set out in the scheme; the types of geological resources identified and delineated during the implementation of the basic geological survey scheme; the orientation for geological resource management; for mineral resources, the publication of the administrative locality of the mineral distribution area; the type of mineral, the geological characteristics of the mineral, and the quality of the mineral; the scale of the resources and the orientation for their management and utilization.

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